Thermal analysis of magnetic Iron-Oxide nanoparticle with combination of Water and Ethylene Glycol passes through a partially heated permeable square enclosure

The research explores the use of iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance thermal properties fluids like water and ethylene glycol. These find applications in engineering medicine, including wastewater treatment coatings. study investigates magnetic nanoparticle movement a permeable enclosure, considering heat, field, electromagnetic effects. Using MAC method, dimensionless equations were solved, results presented through graphs, charts, tables. Findings show volume significantly impacts heat transfer nanofluids compared base fluids. Increasing from 0 0.05 improved nanofluid by 0.278% fluid 0.303%. Heat absorption generation 15.819% 0.596%. Nusselt number increased with higher Eckert source/sink parameters both